Our Lutheran churches teach that the body and blood of Christ are truly present and are distributed to those who eat in the Supper of the Lord.
Listen to the very words of Jesus Christ found in the Gospel of St. Matthew the 26th chapter: Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, βTake, eat; this is my body.β And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, βDrink of it, all of you, for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.β [Matthew 26:26β28 (ESV)]
Based on these words, we Lutherans believe, teach, and confess that of the bread, it is what Christ said it is, namely "This is My body," and of the wine, "This is My blood." These are given and shed "for the forgiveness of sins."
So in the eating of the bread and the drinking of the wine, one receives the very body and blood of Jesus. These are given so that those who receive them in faith, also are assured of the forgiveness of their sins. Where there is forgiveness of sins, there is also life and salvation. But anyone who does not believe these words, or doubts, is unworthy and unfit. For the words, "for you" require hearts that truly believe. Don't forget to 'truly believe' is a gift of the Holy Spirit.
--Helping people live life with Jesus everyday,